日本园林“走出去”的经验及启示

“一带一路”倡议的开展与“走出去”战略紧密相关，而“走出去”战略本身又与不同层面、不同领域的“出发”相关，其中既有经济上的投资与合作，又有文化上的交流与互通。而园林本身作为“文化综合体”天然地具有综合性的优势，因此，中国园林“走出去”已经引起新时期中国园林人的重视。实际上，日本园林的海外修建与传播史远较我国久远，且已取得了显著的成就，赢得了世界性的口碑。这些实绩与其将园林输出有机寓于国家文化战略之中的认识，与其具体实践过程中所不断形成的历史性经验等有关。通过文献与实地踏勘相结合，将这些方面的“他山之石”内容加以研究、提炼，指出日本园林“走出去”的成功除特定历史因素之外，从战略到战术层面均有值得我国借鉴之处。     

传统乡村园林认识

对传统乡村园林环境进行专题研究,总结其理论精华,在继承传统乡土建筑文化的基础上,构建现代村镇园林与人居环境规划的新理论体系,对正确和科学地指导现代村镇人居环境建设具有很重要的意义。     

苏州明清园林中歇山顶亭大木构架特征研究

苏州明清园林中的歇山顶亭具有典雅、精细、秀美及充满诗情画意的气质,以及灵活、多样、与环境巧妙结合的特性,独具一格,很值得研究。文章从吴文化与香山帮传统建筑营造技艺入手,对苏州明清园林中歇山顶亭的平面形状、构架体系及构件细部进行了分析,阐明了歇山顶亭大木构架特点。本研究的开展有助于对苏州明清园林中歇山顶亭的分类与特征进行补充,并为进一步挖掘香山帮木作营造技术的渊源与变迁奠定基础。     

中日古典园林比较视野下的借景理法的数字化研究

中国古典园林在视觉营造上独具传统智慧,借景理法是其核心之一。然而由于一方面现存园林实例的时代与数量的局限性造成借景研究中的理论演绎倾向,另一方面传统研究手段在实践转化上存在局限性,因而借景智慧并未能与当代风景园林实践充分衔接。介于此,本研究选取苏州旧吴县西南、松江九峰两个典型地带及曾经存在的大量借景园林为研究对象,在考据的基础上结合中日比较以补偿现存园林实例的局限性;在理论分析基础上提出“远意”这一核心理念,并将其转译为技术性因子及量化指标,开展基于GIS等数字技术的景观空间及视觉分析。在此基础上对园林选址与布局以及远景构成等进行造园理论的总结,并分析中日借景的不同地域性表现及其成因。同时结合风景园林规划设计实践进行应用转化研究,以应用于风景资源的视觉评价以及风景区规划的景点优选。     

计及不确定性的含分布式发电并网的配电网 故障区段定位方法

主动配电网作为分布式发电的高效集成和管理平台,其故障区段定位是一门重要课题。针对含分布式发电并网的主动配电网故障区段定位问题,计及分布式发电出力的不确定性,基于随机机会约束规划建立配电网故障区段定位模型。所建立的模型以概率形式的评价函数为目标函数,计及控制变量定义域约束,故障类型限值约束等约束条件构建。通过对基本帝国竞争算法进行改进得到二进制帝国竞争算法,并采用改进帝国竞争算法设计模型求解流程。仿真算例表明,所建立的模型适用于含分布式发电并网的主动配电网故障区段定位求解,并计及分布式发电出力不确定性对定位结果的影响,改进帝国竞争算法在模型的求解中性能较优。     

屡得感悟挚贺寄畅老人生生不息

逢寄畅园建园490周年,颇有感发,遂浮想命笔,以表挚贺。寄畅园为明代遗构,布局自然简约,景面文心,是鲜有的“虽由人作,宛自天开”的园林。通过明旨、相地、问名、布局、理微、余韵、借景等方面分析寄畅园之造园理法,并着重分析寄畅园筑山、理水之要点。     

A Comparison of Leisure Time Spent in a Garden with Leisure Time Spent Indoors: On Measures of Restoration in Residents in Geriatric Care

During the past 20 years, findings have indicated that nature plays an active role in helping people recover from stress and fatigue. Two of the most cited theories in this field are Rachel and Stephen Kaplan's theory of recovery from Directed Attention Fatigue in nature and Roger Ulrich's theory of aesthetic and affective responses to natural environments and stress recovery. One aim of the present study is to test whether being outdoors in a green recreational environment causes people to be more focused, compared to being in a room indoors (in line with hypotheses suggested by the Kaplans). Another aim is to test whether people experience stress reduction, i.e. as evidenced by changes in blood pressure and heart rate, if they are placed in an environment with many green elements (in line with hypotheses suggested by Ulrich). The overall study design is that of an intervention study. Fifteen elderly persons living at a home for very elderly people participated. Their powers of concentration, blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after an hour of rest in a garden or in an indoor setting. Seven elderly people were randomly chosen to have their first series of tests in a garden, while eight elderly people had their first series of tests indoors. The results indicate that powers of concentration increase for very elderly people after a visit to a garden outside the geriatric home in which they live, compared to that after resting indoors in their favourite room. The results did not show any effects on blood pressure or heart rate. It is suggested that having a one-hour rest outdoors in a garden setting plays a role in elderly people's powers of concentration, and could thereby affect their performance of activities of daily living. One important factor in this study was that both the outdoor environment and the indoor environment at the home were highly valued by participants.     

上海近代公共园林谱系研究

上海近代公共园林的保护面临着前所未有的迫切性,为使上海近代公共园林遗存得到恰当的保护和利用,有必要通过历史谱系的构建来系统梳理其源流发展,明晰其核心价值因素,为价值认知与遗产保护工作提供指导。     

园林施工新工艺在园林工程中的应用

目前,社会经济在快速发展,人们对自身的生活环境有了更高的要求,这就促进了园林工程建设的发展。园林工程的建设不仅提高了城市的品质,更对生态效益和经济效益有很大的帮助作用。文章主要对园林施工新工艺的应用进行了分析与研究。     

园林施工的技术难点与管理措施探讨

随着我国人们低碳环保意识的提高与城镇化进程的快速发展,园林施工的内容也日渐丰富。园林施工主要是运用专业的技术手段与有效的管理措施充分地发挥出园林的综合性能,使其集美观、实用与绿色环保于一体,将生态美展现在人们面前。